Article Text
Abstract
Background: For patients with mild chronic hepatitis C the cost effectiveness of antiviral therapy is unknown.
Aims: To assess whether antiviral therapy (either interferon α or peginterferon α combined with ribavirin) is cost effective at a mild stage compared with waiting and only treating those cases who progress to moderate disease.
Patients: Cases with mild chronic hepatitis C.
Methods: A cost effectiveness model which estimates long term costs and outcomes for patients with mild chronic hepatitis C. The model uses effectiveness and cost data from the UK mild hepatitis C randomised controlled trial, combined with estimates of disease progression and cost from observational studies.
Results: Antiviral treatment at a mild rather than a moderate stage improved outcomes measured by quality adjusted life years (QALYS) gained. The mean cost per QALY gained from antiviral treatment with interferon α-2b and ribavirin, compared with no treatment at a mild stage, was £4535 ($7108) for patients with genotype non-1 and £25 188 ($39 480) for patients with genotype 1. Providing peginterferon α-2b and ribavirin at a mild rather than a moderate stage was also associated with a gain in QALYS; the costs per QALY gained were £7821 ($12 259) for patients with genotype non-1 and £28 409 ($44 528) for patients with genotype 1.
Conclusions: For patients with chronic hepatitis C, it is generally more cost effective to provide antiviral treatment at a mild rather than a moderate disease stage. For older patients (aged 65 years or over) with genotype 1, antiviral treatment at a mild stage is not cost effective.
- HCV, hepatitis C virus
- SVR, sustained virological response
- QALY, quality adjusted life year
- HRQOL, health related quality of life
- ICER, incremental cost effectiveness ratio
- CEAC, cost effectiveness acceptability curve
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- RCT, randomised controlled trial
- cost effectiveness model
- cost analysis
- antiviral therapy
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