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What’s in a name? ‘Non-coeliac gluten or wheat sensitivity’: controversies and mechanisms related to wheat and gluten causing gastrointestinal symptoms or disease

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Footnotes

  • Contributors All authors contributed to the review of literature and preparation of manuscript and figures.

  • Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

  • Competing interests MMW: grant/research support: Prometheus Laboratories Inc (Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS Diagnostic), Commonwealth Diagnostics International (Biomarkers for FGIDs). SK: grant/research support: Cancer Institute NSW (Career Development Fellowship), National Health and Medical Research Council (Project Grant APP1128487) Commonwealth Diagnostics International (Biomarkers for FGIDs), Syntrix Biosystems (contract research, drug delivery). NJT: grant/research support: Rome Foundation; Abbott Pharmaceuticals; Datapharm; Pfizer; Salix (Irritable bowel syndrome); Prometheus Laboratories Inc (Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS Diagnostic)); Commonwealth Diagnostics International (Biomarkers for FGIDs); Janssen (Constipation). Consultant/Advisory Boards: Adelphi Values (Functional dyspepsia (patient-reported outcome measures)); GI therapies (Chronic constipation (Rhythm IC)); Allergens PLC; Napo Pharmaceutical; Outpost Medicine; Samsung Bioepis; Yuhan (IBS); Synergy (IBS); Theravance (Gastroparesis); IM Health Sciences (dyspepsia). Patent Holder: Biomarkers of irritable bowel syndrome, Licensing Questionnaires (Mayo Clinic Talley Bowel Disease Questionnaire, Mayo Dysphagia Questionnaire); Nestec European Patent (Application No. 12735358.9); Singapore ‘Provisional’ Patent (NTU Ref: TD/129/17 ‘Microbiota Modulation of BDNF Tissue Repair Pathway’).

  • Patient consent Not required.

  • Provenance and peer review Commissioned; internally peer reviewed.