Table 10 Expression of CDK4 and GADD45A genes following starch treatment in tumour and macroscopically normal mucosa (Study 2)
TumourNormal mucosa
OSSEM (n = 15)RSSEM (n = 13)p ValueOSSEM (n = 15)RSSEM (n = 13)p Value
CDK4 0.440.070.490.070.670.700.280.300.260.32
GADD45A 0.920.160.810.160.601.110.101.250.100.38

  • Values are least square means of normalised ratios of expression of individual genes compared with expression of the housekeeping gene 18S adjusted for age, sex and site of cancer.

  • OS, ordinary starch; RS, resistant starch.